Middleton, F. With reliability, youre attempting to demonstrate that your results are consistent, whereas, with validity, you want to prove the correctness of your outcome. It refers to the extent of applicability of the concept to the real world instead of a experimental setup. For a test to be reliable, it also needs to be valid. Reliability is highly important for psychological research. The two main classes of criterion validity are predictive and concurrent. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. For example, if your scale is off by 5 lbs, it reads your weight every day with an excess of 5lbs. This is especially important if multiple researchers are involved. The scale could be broken and could be consistently measured incorrectly.) Failing to do so can lead to sampling bias and selection bias. For example, if a test which is designed to test the correlation of the emotion of joy, bliss, and happiness proves the correlation by providing irrefutable data, then the test is said to possess convergent validity. Expectation that we will find similar results when study is repeated. All research is conducted via the use of scientific tests and measures, which yield certain observations and data. A group of participants take a test designed to measure working memory. In other words, if an instrument is valid, it must be reliable. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. A test-retest correlation is used to compare the consistency of your results. This means that if the standard weight for a cup of rice is 5 grams, and you measure a cup of rice, it should be 5 grams. This is why test-retest (or any other method we can use with inventories) is not a pure measure of reliability -- in real world, there is always a fluctuation of trait levels. SHORT ANSWER: reliability is one criterion for validity. The thermometer that you used to test the sample gives reliable results. For example, let's say you take a cognitive ability test and receive 65 th percentile on the test. Reliability vs Validity: Differences & Examples - Statistics By Jim Share this: Twitter Facebook Loading.
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