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[31], Development of laser weapons in the Soviet Union began in 19641965. Harpoon | Missile Threat With his move, Putin has effectively killed bilateral U.S . This is also a story that risks disappearing into its own "success." After all, the Cold War is history. The Homing Overlay Experiment (HOE) was the first hit-to-kill system tested by the US Army, and also the first successful hit-to-kill intercept of a mock ballistic missile warhead outside the Earth's atmosphere.[49]. The announcement of SDI shocked officials around the globe. rollback Ashton Carter, then a board member at MIT, assessed SDI for Congress in 1984, saying there were a number of difficulties in creating an adequate missile defense shield, with or without lasers. Sputnik Cold War glossary M-Z Solidarity played a pivotal role in bringing about liberal reform and free elections in Poland in 1989. NORAD is a joint US-Canadian military command centre, tasked with monitoring North American airspace for a possible attack. Two days after announcing SDI, Reagan signed NSDD 85, which authorized the development of an intensive effort to define a long term research and development program aimed at an ultimate goal of eliminating the threat posed by nuclear ballistic missiles, but in a manner consistent with our obligations under the ABM Treaty and recognizing the need for close consultations with our allies. According to the Reagan administration, SDI was not a violation of ABM because it was only pursuing research and development, not deployment. [89], In 1987 a disguised Mir space station module was lifted on the inaugural flight of the Energia booster as the Polyus and it has since been revealed that this craft housed a number of systems of the Skif laser, which were intended to be clandestinely tested in orbit, if it had not been for the spacecraft's attitude control system malfunctioning upon separation from the booster and it failing to reach orbit. More recently, new developments under Project Excalibur by Teller's "O-Group" at LLNL suggested that a single X-ray laser could shoot down dozens of missiles with a single shot. After his election in 1980, President Reagan demonstrated a continued interest in anti-ballistic missile technology from the early stages of his administration. Strategic Air Command (SAC) was a branch of the US Air Force during the Cold War. It was in charge of Americas airborne assets, including strategic bombers, intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and reconnaissance aircraft. In this speech Khrushchev denounced the tyranny, brutality and abuses of power under his predecessor, Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin. The Sino-Soviet split was a breakdown in relations between China and the Soviet Union during the mid to late 1960s. [95] In comments to the media on March 7, 1986, Acting Deputy Director of SDIO, Dr. Gerold Yonas, described the name "Star Wars" as an important tool for Soviet disinformation and asserted that the nickname gave an entirely wrong impression of SDI.[96]. The project was conceived in November 1986 by Lowell Wood at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.